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1. BD54 Create logical systems
2. SCC4 Assign logical systems to client
3. SM59 Create RFC
4. WE21 Create Port
5. WE20 Create partner Profiles
6. BD64 To create Distribution Model view
All these T-codes should be run in the same order. All these T-codes should be run in both source and destination systems. If it is needed to transfer the data from one client to another client run steps 1 to 5 in source system, run 5th step in destination system and run 6th step in source system. The order should also be same.
To view the idocs use either WE02 or WE05 T-codes. T-code WE19 is the
testing tool for Idoc. T-code BD87 for mass processing of Idocs.
Every Idoc contains three types of records.
Control Record (EDIDC)
Data Records (EDIDD)
3. Status Records (EDIDS)
CONTROL RECORD:- It is like address on the post card which gives the information about sender, receiver and type of data the idoc is holding. It will be always single record.
DATA RECORDS:- The actual data that is to be transferred is contained by data records. It can be single or multiple records. Actually the data records internally contain the segments and segments contain fields and fields contain values.
STATUS RECORDS:- It specifies about the actual position of the idoc. As idoc travels different mile stones system gives different statuses. Using the status of the idoc we can find out the position of the idoc.
1 to 49 statuses are used for out bound idoc
50 to 99 statuses are used for inbound idoc.
Important statuses are.
--- outbound idoc just created
30 --- ALE settings are ok
03 --- Idoc reached port
50 --- Inbound Idoc just created
51 --- Error in posting the document into data base
53 --- Document successfully posted in to data base
There are 2 types of Idocs.
Master Idoc
Communication Idoc
MASTER IDOC: - The data that is to be transferred is fetched from data base and formatted into Idoc format. This Idoc is called master Idoc. This Idoc is not stored in data base. This Idoc is not transferred. Its life span is until communication Idocs are created.
COMMUNICATION IDOCS:- The recipient specific Idocs are called communication Idocs. These Idocs are stored in data base. These Idocs are moved from source system to destination system.
MESSAGE TYPE:- This specifies about the type of data the Idoc is holding. The standard message types are
1. MATMAS Material master data
2. CREMAS Vendor master data
3. DEBMAS Customer master data
PORT:- it specifies about how the data should be transferred from source system to destination system. Transaction code for Port creation is WE21.Two important ports are..
T-RFC Port (Transactional RFC Port)
File Port
In T-RFC port the data will be moved in the form of memory buffers. In file port the data will be transferred in the form of files.
REMOTE FUNCTION CALL (RFC):- It is used to define the character of communication link between two system where the remote enabled function module is intended to be executed. In ALE this RFC will be used to connect to the remote system.
Transaction for RFC is SM59.
For generation of Idocs SAP has given standard T-codes based on the type of data you are going to transfer. The important T-codes are.
1. BD10 Material master push
2. BD11 Material master pull
3. BD12 Customer master push
4. BD13 Customer master pull
5. BD14 Vendor master push
6. BD15 Vendor master pull
You have to either run push or pull T-code. No need to run both the programs. If you want to send the data from source system run push T-code. If you want to get the data from destination system run pull T-code.
T-code CMOD
Give project name
Press create button
Give description
Press enhancement Assignments button
Give the exit name you have found in SMOD
Press components button
Double click exit
Double click include starting with Z
Press enter
Write the logic
check for errors and activate
Come back to the first screen of CMOD and activate the project.
T-code SMOD
Press F4
Press information system
Give the package name found out previously
Press enter
Based on the description choose the relevant Exit
Go to the T-code to be enhanced
System ( status
Double click program
Go to attributes
There you can find the package
These are used to add extra intelligence to SAP standard programs to suit the business requirements. If we want to add extra code to SAP standard programs, if we go for change mode system asks for access key. Instead of this, SAP has provided hooks where we can write the code. These hooks are enhancement spots. If a code is written in theses spots along with the normal program the code written in these spots is also executed. There are two ways to enhance the SAP standard code.
User Exits
BADIS (Business Addins)
If user exits are used one time in any project it can not be reused. But Badis can
be used any no of times.
There are 4 types user exits.
Function module exit
Field exit
screen exit
Menu exit
Exits are defined at package level. So we want to enhance any T-code first we
have to find out the package for that T-code. Then we have to find out the exits present in that package. For finding the exits present in a package we have to use SMOD T-code. After finding the suitable exit for writing the code we have to use CMOD T-code.
T-code SO10
Give name and press create
Give the text
Press save
Prepare a Bitmap Image
T-Code SE78
Expand graphics
Double click BMP.
Press import button
Give the path where image is present in you system
Give name to logo
Give description
Specify color image or Black and white image
Press enter
The image will be uploaded into SAP with the name you have given in 7th step.
If the image is of .TIF format we have to run the standard program RSTXLDMC to upload the image into SAP. The image will be stored on document server. All the images will be stored in STXBITMAPS table.
Now my requirement is to insert the logo in one of the windows of the form that I have designed .
Program
Dynpro
Dynbegin
Fnam
Fval.
There are 2 methods to upload the from legacy system to sap system.
Direct input method
Batch input recording
In each of these methods we are having internally 3 methods.
Call transaction method
Session Method
LSMW (Legacy System Migration Workbench)
SHDB
Press New Recording
Giving recording name
Give T-code to be recorded
Press start recording
Execute the T-code until save
Save the tabular format generated
Back
Select the recording name
Press program button
Give program (System will generate the program with that name)
Select radio button transfer from recording
Enter
Give Title
Press source code
Give package and save
Enter (You can see the program generated)
Select the program from the line after perform open_group.
Till a line above transaction code and copy
Paste it between loop at endloop in the program which you have written for uploading the data from flat file to internal table.
Copy the from the include present in the recorded program and paste at the bottom of the program.
Process before output (PBO)
Process after input (PAI)
Process on value-request (POV)
Process on help-request (POH)
PROCESS BEFORE OUTPUT:- This event is triggered before the screen is displayed. This event is used to assign some default values to screen fields. With those values the field will be displayed.
PROCESS AFTER INPUT:- This event is triggered after giving input to the screen fields. This is used to handle user action actions on the screen.
PROCESS ON VALUE-REQUEST:- This is used to give F4 help to screen fields.
PROCESS ON HELP-REQUEST:- This is used to give F1 help to screen fields.
The in the module pool program should be written between module and endmodule.
AT EXIT-COMMAND:- It is used to go to the leave the screen or process some logic even though some of the mandatory fields of a screen not filled.
SY-UCOMM:- It is a system variable used to catch the function code that is triggered for user actions on the screen.
OK_CODE:- It is used as substitute for sy-ucomm.
INITIALIZATION
AT SELECTION-SCREEN
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON <FIELD>
AT SELECTION-SCREEN OUTPUT
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR <FIELD>
START-OF-SELECTION
TOP-OF-PAGE
END-OF-PAGE
AT LINE-SELECTION
AT USER-COMMAND
TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION
AT LINE-SELECTION:- This event is used to generate an interactive list when ever particular in the out is double clicked.
TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION:- This event is used to write some thing on top of every page of individual secondary lists. Top-of-page event is used
to write something on only basic list.
AT USER-COMMAND:- This is used to handle user action on the screen when ever standard menu bar and application tool are changed.
In these interactive lists we take the help of HIDE table. Hide is an intermediate memory area which is used to hold the values that are used for generation of next secondary list. Hide statement should be used after write statement. Then only you will get correct results. Other wise you will get wrong values. Hide table values you cant see even in debug mode.
SY-LSIND:- This is also a system variable which gives present processing list number. Its value will be 0 for basic list and 1 to 20 for secondary lists. We will make use of this sy-lsind in our next program to tell the system about which logic should be executed while going to a particular list..
SY-LILLI:- This is a system variable which will hold the clicked line number.
SY-LISEL:- This is also a system variable which will hold all the contents of clicked line.
SY-UCOMM:- This system variable is used to hold the function code that is triggered for the user actions on the screen
There are three types of reports.
Classical Reports
Interactive Reports
Drill down Reports
CLASSICAL REPORT:- A report which can generate only one list, that is Basic List, is called classical report. First List of a report is called BASIC LIST.
INTERACTIVE REPORT:- A report which can generate one basic list and upto 20 interactive lists is called an interactive report. First list is called Basic List and Interactive lists are called Secondary Lists.
DRILL DOWN REPORTS:- In these reports the output will be in tree format.
Internal table is an intermediate table. It can hold multiple records at a time. It is a temporary table. The memory for the internal table will be allocated at runtime and de allocated after the execution of the program automatically by the system. The changes that made to the records of internal table are temporary. The changes are not reflected in data base until some DML commands are written. Hence original data is retained in data base. There are three types of internal tables.
Standard Internal Tables
Sorted Internal Tables
Hashed Internal Tables.
There two ways to declare the Internal tables.
Internal Tables with Header line.
Internal tables without Header line.
There are three types of tables.
1. Transparent Tables
2. Clustered Tables
3. Pooled Tables.
TRANSPARENT TABLES:- For every table created in Data dictionary (DDIC) there will be table created in database with same name, same no of fields, fields having same names and the order of the fields will be same. That means for every same replica of table or mirror image will be created in Data base. That means it is having one to one relation. By default every table created will be Transparent Table.
CLUSTERED TABLES:- Many tables created in DDIC are stored in single table in data base called table cluster. That means it is having many to one relation. All the tables present in table cluster will have primary key in common.
POOLED TABLES:- In case also many tables created in DDIC are stored in single table in database called table pool. Hence it also having many to one relation. Here the tables present in table pool many have primary key in common.
SE11 T-Code is used to create data base objects which includes tables.
A table can be client dependent or client independent. Table data only client dependent or client independent, but table structure is client independent.
CLIENT:- Client is SAP specific which contains its own master data and its own set of records. All SE38 programs are client independent programs. That means if a program is written in one client it can be seen all the clients present in the system.
To see all the clients present in a system T-code is SCC4.
If first field of the table is MANDT the table becomes client dependent table, otherwise it becomes client independent table. If the table is client dependent table the data that you enter in one client can not be seen in other clients. If the table is client independent table the data that is entered in one client can be seen all other clients. That means if the table is client independent all table in all clients contain same data.
Every table should have at least one primary key or foreign key. All primary key fields and foreign key fields of a table should be declared first.
Every table field should have DATA ELEMENT and DOMAIN.
DATA ELEMENT:- It gives semantic attributes of table field.
Eg:- Short description of table field.
DOMAIN:- It gives technical attributes of the table fields. Domain is the more reusable component than data element.
Eg:- Type of data it is going to hold.
There are three types of data in SAP.
Customized data
Master data
Transactional data.
CUSTOMIZED DATA:- The data which never changes is called Customised data. This data is not created but configured by functional consultant using SPRO tranction.
MASTER DATA: The data which changes very rarely is called Master data.
TRANSACTIONAL DATA:- The data which changes very frequently is called Transactional data.